(1896-1977)International
At 4:22 am on Saturday, March 9, 1957 (9 March, 14:22 Z UTC) the second great earthquake in 11 years struck Alaska’s Aleutian Islands.
The seafloor along the fault was elevated, triggering a Pacific-wide tsunami with multiple destructive waves at heights ranging from 45–130 ft.
A basin wide tsunami followed, with effects felt in Alaska and Hawaii. Using a finite‐difference computation, this tsunami can be numerically simulated. Journal of Advances The color scheme is based on PTWC's warning criteria, with blue-to-green representing no hazard (less than 30 cm or ~1 ft.), yellow-to-orange indicating low hazard with a stay-off-the-beach recommendation (30 to 100 cm or ~1 to 3 ft.), light red-to-bright red indicating significant hazard requiring evacuation (1 to 3 m or ~3 to 10 ft.), and dark red indicating a severe hazard possibly requiring a second-tier evacuation (greater than 3 m or ~10 ft.).Toward the end of this simulated 48 hours of activity the wave animation will transition to the "energy map" of a mathematical surface representing the maximum rise in sea-level on the open ocean caused by the tsunami, a pattern that indicates that the kinetic energy of the tsunami was not distributed evenly across the oceans but instead forms a highly directional "beam" such that the tsunami was far more severe in the middle of the "beam" of energy than on its sides. In Hilo Bay, a powerful wave lifted a small bridge off its foundation and left it destroyed.
On March 9, 1957, a magnitude 8.6 earthquake occurred in a section of the Aleutian Trench south of the Aleutian Islands, causing a major Pacific-wide tectonic tsunami.
In Hilo Bay, the bridge Even though physical damage from a tsunami may be inevitable, this event demonstrated that tsunami early warning systems can save lives.An Eyewitness Account: The Demise Of Scotch Cap Light Station by Dennis DowlingNOAA: March 9, 1957 Aleutian Islands USA earthquake and tsunamiUniversity of Washington, Department of Earth and Space Sciences: Luckily, nobody died this time - but it easily might have turned out differently. PTWC can also create an animation of a historical tsunami with the same tool that it uses to determine tsunami hazards in real time for any tsunami today: the Real-Time Forecasting of Tsunamis (RIFT) forecast model.
The tsunami records were inverted for the slip distribution on the rupture area. average every 300 –340years, near the source areas of the 1946 and 1957 Aleutian tsunamis. About Cookies, including instructions on how to turn off cookies if you wish to do so. and Chemical OceanographySolar
The tsunami was exacerbated by the force of the accompanying landslide.
Five years later, another massive earthquake near Alaska's Aleutian Islands caused another tsunami. Although early warning system now exist, the unfortunate truth is that scientists still remain unable to predict the timing, size or location of future large earthquakes.
Related to Geologic TimeGeomagnetism
This great earthquake destroyed two bridges on Adak Island, damaged houses, and left a 4.5 meter crack in a road. This earthquake had the same magnitude of the earlier earthquake--8.6 on the moment magnitude scale (Johnson et al.
The 1957 AIT (Aleutian Islands Tsunami) was generated by a magnitude 8.6 earthquake in the western Aleutian Islands (Johnson et al., 1994). Source relations of the large earthquakes of 1957, 1986, and 1996 in the Andreanof Islands, A survey of methane isotope abundance (14C, 13C, 2H) from five nearshore marine basins that reveals unusual radiocarbon levels in subsurface waters, Developing tsunami warnings from numerical model output, Differences in tsunami generation between the December 26, 2004 and March 28, 2005 Sumatra earthquakes, Volcanic and tectonic deformation on Unimak Island in the Aleutian Arc, Alaska, Asperity Distribution of the 1952 Great Kamchatka Earthquake and its Relation to Future Earthquake Potential in Kamchatka, Seismogenic and Tsunamigenic Processes in Shallow Subduction Zones, Sources of Tsunami and Tsunamigenic Earthquakes in Subduction Zones, Seismogenic and Tsunamigenic Processes in Shallow Subduction Zones, How Can One Test the Seismic Gap Hypothesis?
The accompanying photo displays what at the time was the newly-built Scotch Cap Lighthouse on Unimak Island, Alaska.
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